UN Kashmir Resolution
A BRIDGE FOR PEACE BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN
Many, perhaps too many UN resolutions since 1948… What did they bring? Nothing so far! The dispute over Kashmir seems to be lost in the “mare magnum” of endless disputes, such as the attribution of a state to Palestine.
This state of indecision, wanted or forced, has led to many lacerations. Wars that should never have begun, today seem to have no end, like the instability in the Middle East, the result of a bad division which today sees increasing tensions in that area. The war in Syria itself is the result of those knots that never came to a head of rationality.
Was this the strong powers of the world wanted? I often wonder about the unreasonableness of a lot of events. Is the war in Syria perhaps a glimpse of a global war among superpowers? On the skin of poor victims who live there?
Kashmiri wishes to exercise natural right of self-determination that has also been pledged to them by the United Nations. Kashmiris urge to UN to keep Kashmir as the top-most priority item of their administration’s agenda with a view to taking urgent and meaningful action to bring to an end the carnage and atrocities in this unfortunate land and to facilitate a peaceful, just and lasting political settlement of the problem of Kashmir. Could the UN Secretary General move to Kashmir to stop such a grave situation?
Faced with the Kashmir question, a wall of silence appears to be rising on the UN side. After so many resolutions, there is a deadly and dangerous stalemate between two superpowers both with atomic arsenal. Meanwhile, the attacks continue in that tormented region to the detriment of unarmed civilians.
What to do? Leave the solution to arms or try to reach a compromise? Given that leaving the solution of the problem to governments that face each other in a hostile manner, it seems impossible now, what choice do we have before our eyes?
Kashmir appears as one of the best places in the world for beautiful river system. It is a manmade troubled land with no resolution.
The entire state, that now belongs to India, was a peaceful place like a garden of heaven, but a portion of it has been occupied by Pakistan militants due to raids by Indian soldiers. This havoc is increasing from last few decades and the so-called Eden of India has been turned into battle field.
I think people of Kashmir, tired of terrorism, need only peace like anyplace of world. They have family, but they are losing end and even the hope.
Could be this problem shot out during tenure of Mody’s Government? And what about lives and properties of people who have been unsecured by terrorism? Can terror offer peace to people? That is crux of conflict ownership. Who will quench their thirst of love and peace?
Is it right to fight in-neighboring brother? As it happens anywhere unfortunately…
“In medio stat virtus” according to the ancient Romans, it means: “In the middle is allocated virtue”.
Just peace, no policy at all… Is it good or not to let a Kashmir vote under the UN umbrella?
India says that Kashmir is its sovereign state and does not want Kashmir people vote under UN umbrella. The other way around, maybe a lot of Kashmir people want to go back to Pakistan.
Indian constitution perhaps does not allow break-up character of sovereign nation. The Indians say terror outfits rearranged by some Pakistani terrorists; the same say Pakistanis about Indians. What to do then? That is a problem not resolved since long. Anyway, it seems to be on the agenda of Indian Government to resolve a solution in Kashmir and we are awaiting the peace process to be initiated soon. They say some people from Kashmir want to become Pakistanis, others want to remain Indians. Is it the truth?
Only peaceful country can afford true peace, claiming to be the first to move towards peace, claiming this or that problem of aggression, of killings of militaries or civilians, of terrorism. How to get out of the impasse then?
No one wants to shoot the problem at the end. In name of peace process everything is suspended for politics.
I think it is appropriate to recall a passage from the Bible (1ST 3,16-28) in which King Solomon, a man of enormous wisdom to whom God gave the ability to know how to distinguish good from evil, allows the triumph of truth over lies, to settle the question of two mothers competing for a child, acted as follows.
Two women presented themselves as a mother of a child by King Solomon. He, after asking who the real mother was and having received the obvious answer from both, proposed dividing the child in two. The real mother would never see him again.
Then the king ordered, “Take me a sword!” They brought a sword to the king’s presence. Then the king added: “Cut the child in two and give one a half, and the other half”.
The true mother said, “Lord, give her the living child; don’t kill him at all!”
The false woman said: “Be neither mine nor your”.
Having spoken, the king said: “Give the first woman her living child; don’t kill him. That is his mother.”
The sentence pronounced by the king was indisputably just and fair because infused by God.
What does it mean this anecdote, taken from the true stories of the Bible? It suggests how is it impossible to settle disputes between India and Pakistan that has lasted since 1948… Only a balanced UN intervention can solve this case.
What do I mean by this consideration of mine? I have an opinion that guarantees the normal course of voting, the decision to be part of India or Pakistan. I heard both bells: of the two contenders talks about terrorism of the opposing party, of the two complains about military incursions. The question is a Gordian knot to resolve which the long negotiations that have persisted since 1948 until now are not enough. I have a clear break.
The referendum would succeed in resolving the enigma in a drastic way. The resulting minority population could be annexed to the reference territory with a land transfer proportional to the number of voters.
Hopefully in the peace. Only for the latter is it worth living and fighting.
By Franca Colozzo
Bibliography, Notes in the appendix
https://www.academia.edu/10813701/Political_Situation_of_Kashmir
https://www.academia.edu/38425492/Political_intricacies_in_Kashmir_post_Pulwama_Attack
Result
Adopted
UNSC Resolutions
concerning the Kashmir conflict
Notes
UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute List of UNSC Resolutions 1948
Resolution 38Resolution 39Resolution 47Resolution 51
1950
Resolution 80
1951
Resolution 91Resolution 96
1952
Resolution 98
1957
Resolution 122Resolution 123Resolution 126
1965
Resolution 209Resolution 210Resolution 211Resolution 214Resolution 215
1971
Resolution 303Resolution 307
The United Nations Security Council Resolution 47, adopted on 21 April 1948, concerns the resolution of the Kashmir conflict. After hearing arguments from both India and Pakistan, the Council increased the size of the Commission established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 39 to five members (with representatives of Argentina, Belgium, Colombia, Czechoslovakia and the United States[1]), instructed the Commission to go to the subcontinent and help the governments of India and Pakistan restore peace and order to the region and prepare for a plebiscite to decide the fate of Kashmir.
Secondly, the Resolution recommended a three-step process for the resolution of the dispute. In the first step, Pakistan was asked to withdraw all its nationals from Kashmir. In the second step, India was asked to progressively reduce its forces to the minimum level required for law and order. In the third step, India was asked to appoint a plebiscite administrator nominated by the United Nations who would conduct a free and impartial plebiscite.
The resolution was adopted paragraph by paragraph; no vote on the resolution as a whole was taken.
Both India and Pakistan raised objections to the Resolution. However, they welcomed mediation by the UN Commission. Through its mediation, the Commission amplified and amended the Security Council Resolution, adopting two resolutions of its own, which were accepted by both India and Pakistan. Subsequently, a cease-fire was achieved by the Commission at the beginning of 1949.
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Kashmiri wishes to exercise natural right of self-determination that has also been pledged to them by the United Nations. .Kashmiri urge to UN to keep Kashmir as the top-most priority item of your administration’s agenda with a view to taking urgent and meaningful action to bring to an end the carnage and atrocities in this unfortunate land and to facilitate a peaceful, just and lasting political settlement of the problem of Kashmir. The UN Secretary General can suo motto move to Kashmir, when such a grave situation arises anywhere over the globe. .Suggestion is to submit a revised resolution in the UN Security Council on the subject of gross human rights violations by Indian occupation forces against the people of Indian Kashmir, calling upon New Delhi to stop its policy of terror, extermination and genocide of Kashmiri men, women and children. .Kashmiri also request to UN and EU to depute a fact-finding mission to India and Pakistan to Kashmir as well as the survival and aspirations of Kashmiris, peace and stability in the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent and, indeed, international peace and security. Its needs to allow Human rights watch, Asia Watch, Amnesty international, Red Cross international, relief and rights global organizations to visit Indian and Pakistan Kashmir and talks on the subject. The United States, China, Great Britain, Russia and other influenced powers can offer various forms of support and assistance to Kashmir, it could, for instance, supply U.S. expertise and resources to help Kashmiris suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder. U.S. incentives to encourage India and Pakistan to settle peacefully basic conflict of Kashmir, likewise take various forms, from helping Pakistan modernize its armed forces to securing foreign investment for the economic revitalization and development of the population of Jammu and Kashmir. .United Nations resolutions are recognized, clear road map and very much implementable on Kashmir. Major stakeholders of dispute are Pakistan, India, Kashmiris, China and all important members of United Nations. This is big responsibility to United Nation, European Union, OIC, and other global organizations to implement these UNSC resolutions amicably.
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Studies of Changing Societies: Comparative and Interdisciplinary Focus Vol. 1′(2)2012
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BIBLEOGRAPHY Books:
Abbas Chaudhry Ghulam (2010)
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(urdu), Rawalpindi. Bazaz, Prem Nath (1979) T
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Articles:
Anthony Wood & Ran MaCullage, the Sunday Observer, June 2, 1992. Eric, Margolis, Sunday Sun, April 12, 1992. Eric, Margolis, the Ottawa Citizen, December 8, 1991. Le Quotidien de Paris, September 5, 1992. Melinda, Liuin, Newsweek, June 24, 1992. The Independent, September 18, 1990. The Toronto Star, January 25, 1991. Muni, S.D.,
Pakistan and Kashmir
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the Valley of Tears
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Human rights reports
All Parties Hurreit Conference-APHC reports. Amnesty International Annual reports, 1992, 96, 2005, 2009, 2011. Asia Watch Annual Reports 1991, 1997. Institute of Peace and Development-INSPAD reports. Kashmir Media Service-KMS reports. Physicians for Human rights report May 1993. United States Institute of Peace-USIP reports. US State Department report, year 2001.